The health effects of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice have received considerable attention from scientific and public communities. The consumption of sugar sweetened beverages is likely to contribute to an increase in obesity and the development of type 2 diabetes. Artificially sweetened beverages and fruit juice are candidate alternatives to sugar sweetened beverages, but their prospective associations with type 2 diabetes have not yet been well established because only a few studies have examined the associations, of which potential bias has been debated.
After weeding out studies that appeared to be low quality, a team of Scientist looked at 17 high quality studies on beverage consumption and the development of type 2 diabetes.
Running the statistics, they found that people who consumed one sugary drink per day had an 18% increased risk of developing diabetes over a 10 year period, compared to those who didn’t consume the drinks. After the team adjusted for weight, the risk of developing diabetes for a normal weight person was still increased by 13%.
“Even if people have the same body weight, or body size,” said lead author Fumiaki Imamura, “the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages of one serving per day was associated with 13% higher risk of type 2 diabetes.”
However, the team extrapolated how many type 2 diabetes cases might be prevented if people just stopped drinking sugar-sweetened drinks. In the U.S., the team estimated that of the 21 million diabetes cases predicted to develop by 2020, two million of these would be prevented if people stopping consuming the drinks. In the U.K., where 2.6 million cases are predicted by 2020, they estimate that 80,000 of these would be prevented if people stopped drinking sugary drinks.
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